STAT1 and Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial diseases: Besides, osteomyelitis is a common concurrent symptom in MSMD patients with AD STAT1 deficiency, potentially caused by impaired-IFN-γ mediated suppression of osteoblast differentiation and bone resorption (Noma et al., 2022; Hirata et al., 2013; Zhang et al., 2021).