In addition, curcumin treatment leads to cell cycle arrest at the S or G2/M phase in colon cancer (MC38 and HCT 116) cells, accompanied by a reduction in the protein expression of cell cycle-related markers (e.g., cyclin A2, cyclin E1, CDK2, and p21) [339, 340]. Here, CDKN1A is linked to malignant colon neoplasm.