BBC3 and cancer: CMA enhances survival in various cancers through direct and indirect regulation of oncogenic proteins and pathways including, but not limited to, tumor-associated mutant p53, pro-apoptotic BBC3/PUMA, and oncogenic c-MYC, stabilization of the pro-survival protein MCL1, and sustained aerobic glycolysis (Warburg effect) (Gomes et al, 2017; Kon et al, 2011; Suzuki et al, 2017; Vakifahmetoglu-Norberg et al, 2013; Xie et al, 2015).