CD274 and neoplasm: As immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized cancer treatment,[5] these include cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4,[6] programmed death-1 (PD-1), and programmed death-1 ligand (PD-L1),[7] which block the inhibitory effects of tumor cells on immune cells and enhance the immune response, showing significant efficacy in many solid tumors.