A similar trend was observed in GM-CSF, where ANOVA confirmed statistically significant differences in maximal GM-CSF values between VPCs (p < 10-8); COVID-19 immunosuppressed virtual patients had highest mean GM-CSF maximal concentration (117 pg/ml), which was almost two times higher than in the COVID-19 reference VPC (60.17 pg/ml). The gene discussed is CSF2; the disease is COVID-19.