PTGS2 and cancer: These genes were classified into three categories, including the cancer suppressor genes of TNF, TP53, and IL6 and the oncogenes of JUN, BCL2, AKT1, EGFR2, PTGS2, MMP, CASP3, and CCND1; their exact role in these pathways, including the IL-17 signaling pathway and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, is worth further study.