TNF and colonic neoplasm: Similarly, Chen et al. reported that FA enhanced autophagy in CT-26 cells, at concentrations of 800 μM and BALB/c mice, in vivo (n = 8) at concentrations of 40 and 80 mg/kg in colon cancer cells by upregulating ERK, JNK, and Bax and downregulating NF-κB, TNF-α, and IL-1β expression [119].