Conversely, inactivation of the Hippo pathway (resulting in YAP/TAZ nuclear translocation) can enhance the expression of NF-κB target genes (e.g., pro-inflammatory factors IL-6 and TNF-α), thereby promoting the establishment of the tumor microenvironment (Chan et al., 2005; Hayden and Ghosh, 2008). This evidence concerns the gene YAP1 and neoplasm.