In HNSCC, decreased expression of gamma subunit-4 (GNG4), which is involved in the PI3K/AKT and NF-κB pathways, inhibits the expression of MHC class 1 independently of the IFN-γ signaling, contributing to resistance to PD-1 blockade [102]. Here, NFKB1 is linked to head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.