Specifically, androgen/anti-androgen treatment in AR-positive bladder cancer cells or AR overexpression/knockdown could modulate the expression and/or activity of those contributing to promoting tumor progression, including LPHN3 [67], secretory leukocyte peptidase inhibitor (SLPI) involving vasculogenic mimicry [68], circular RNAs (e.g., circARC1 [69], circFNTA [70]), and microRNAs (e.g., miR-125b-2-3p [69], miR-370-3p [70], miR-525-5p [68], miR-4736 [69]), as well as a tumor suppressor FOXO1 [52] and a RNA editing enzyme ADAR2 gene [70]. Here, AR is linked to neoplasm.