CTLA4 and neoplasm: For example, tumor vaccines, cytokine therapies, and adoptive T-cell transfer that stimulate the immune system; immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICBs) that eliminate or inhibit immunosuppressive factors, such as cytotoxic T lymphocyte associate protein-4 (CTLA-4) inhibitors and programmed death receptor/ligand 1 (PD-(L)1) inhibitors.