JAK2 and neoplasm: Among the mechanisms, one may highlight the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway (23), the activation of the extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway (52), the upregulation of acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase 2 (ACAT2) (53), and the induction of IL-8 expression in tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) (54).