GFAP expression was reduced in five chronic stress models compared to controls (Li et al., 2021; Xu et al., 2024; Wang et al., 2023a; Zhang et al., 2019; Zhou et al., 2023) and was increased in one study of CUMS (Lv et al., 2019), BDE47 supplementation (Wang et al., 2023b), diabetes (Hosseinifard et al., 2019), and finasteride withdrawal, an inhibitor of the enzyme 5α-reductase (Diviccaro et al., 2019). Here, GFAP is linked to diabetes mellitus.