<h4>Background</h4>This study aimed to investigate the relationship between ABO blood group and the incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) or mortality in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants.<h4>Methods</h4>A retrospective single-center cohort study was conducted on VLBW infants admitted to Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University from 2014 to 2023. This evidence concerns the gene ABO and necrotizing enterocolitis.