TLS maturation is associated with increased intratumoral density of ICI sensitive TCF+PD1+CD8+T cells.Chemotherapy + PD-1 targeting ICI provides a survival benefit.Increase in effector CD8+ T (Teff) cells, B cells, DC, and TLS-associated cells, such as follicular helper T cells, which collectively contribute to cancer cell killing also observed. This evidence concerns the gene CD8A and cancer.