APOB and venous thromboembolism: In the UVMR, employing the IVW-FE method revealed a causal relationship betweengenetically determined serum ApoB levels (per 1-SD increase) and an elevated riskof all five cardiovascular diseases (except venous thromboembolism) (Table 2).All SNPs for each variable exhibit sufficient instrument strength, withF-statistics exceeding 10 (Supplementary Table 2).