NEFL and asthma: Across patients aged 18–73 years old, patients with asthma (n = 111) showed defects in white matter confirmed by high levels of plasma biomarkers such as neurofilament light chain (NfL), indicating neurodegeneration, and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), indicating neuroinflammation, compared to healthy controls (n = 135) [37].