Detailed inspection of the differentially expressed genes further revealed that HG CRC cell lines display significantly lower expression of multiple transcription factors implicated in normal colonic development and differentiation, including CDX1, CDX2, GATA6, ELF3, HNF4A, HNF1A, ATOH1 and HES1 (Fig. 3A), several of which were confirmed by qPCR (Fig. S2A). This evidence concerns the gene ELF3 and colorectal carcinoma.