First, we validated the HLF probe by examining its signal intensity for one ccRCC tumor/normal pair, confirming that HLF expression was significantly weaker in tumors compared to normal tissue, consistent with other mRNA analyses (Supplementary Fig. 1i); and we validated the HLF antibody by comparing its signal in 786-O cell blocks transfected with either an empty vector or HLF, confirming stronger staining in the HLF-overexpressing cells (Supplementary Fig. 1j). This evidence concerns the gene HLF and neoplasm.