HLF and nonpapillary renal cell carcinoma: Using our HLF knockout 786-O cell line, we observed enhanced ccRCC migration ability in 3D collagen after 2 days of culturing, while HLF knockout in UMRC6 cells, which did not exhibit migration in 3D collagen, enabled cell migration in collagen after 6 days of culturing (Fig. 3h, i and Supplementary Fig. 4e).