Furthermore, Tai et al. (Tai et al. 2012) and Zhao et al. (Zhao et al. 2017) reported that BIRC5 knockout suppresses EMT through upregulating the epithelial marker cytokeratin 7 and downregulating mesenchymal markers such as β-catenin, vimentin, and snail2. Recently, a comprehensive review has been published on the role of survivin in HCC (Mohamed et al., 2025). Here, VIM is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.