PKM and neoplasm: It has been reported that PKM2 in the nucleus can bind to HIF‐1α, β‐catenin, or other transcription factors to regulate their transcriptional activities.[44] As a key factor responding to hypoxic stress, HIF‐1α has been implicated in regulating glucose homeostasis by transcriptionally activating the genes involved in energy metabolism, thereby yielding increased glycolysis and promoting tumor progression.[45] β‐catenin is a subunit of the cadherin protein complex.