PTX3 and diabetes mellitus: As per the literature, the PTX3 levels rise significantly after hemodialysis, implicating that the procedure itself induces higher inflammation, further reinforcing that PTX3 is a sensitive biochemical marker for dialysis-related inflammatory processes and cardiovascular risk among CKD patients. Factors such as diabetes, hypertension, malnutrition, and dialysis duration may influence these biomarkers, potentially confounding observed associations.