HPSE and neoplasm: LMWH can prevent angiogenesis by inhibiting the binding of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) to its receptor (Li et al., 2015), interfere with the adhesion of tumor cells to endothelial cells as well as the formation of the tumor cell–platelet–neutrophil complex to inhibit tumor metastasis, and enhance the NK cell-mediated cytolytic activity of tumor cells, as well as reducing tumor stromal degradation by inhibiting heparanase activity to inhibit tumor invasion and metastasis.