CUR exerts its anti-osteoporosis effect by upregulating osteoprotegerin (OPG) expression and inhibiting the level of nuclear factor κB receptor activator ligand (RANKL), thereby increasing the OPG/RANKL ratio, reducing osteoclastogenesis and activity, and protecting the structural integrity of bone trabeculae (33). Here, TNFSF11 is linked to osteoporosis.