One case-control study demonstrated significantly upregulated intravitreal miR-124 and miR-126-3p, downregulated miR-200b, and elevated VEGF levels in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), suggesting these molecular alterations contribute to PDR pathogenesis and may serve as potential diagnostic or therapeutic targets (110). This evidence concerns the gene VEGFA and proliferative diabetic retinopathy.