Concurrently, hyperglycaemia-induced renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system stimulation, alters the kidney intraglomerular haemodynamic leading to inflammation through Toll-like receptors, Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription, and nuclear factor-kappa B, transforming growth factor-beta-mediated excessive extracellular matrix accumulation and fibrosis. This evidence concerns the gene REN and Hyperglycemia.