Detergent-insoluble material from brains of individuals with ALS or FTLD-TDP introduced in a cultured cell line overexpressing TDP-43 revealed recruitment of the ectopically expressed TDP-43 into insoluble aggregates, and this was associated with TDP-43 phosphorylation and C-terminal truncation. The gene discussed is TARDBP; the disease is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.