As this study focused on enabling PD-1/PD-L1 inhibition in PDAC, we next assessed the effects of virotherapy and chemotherapy on PD-L1 expression on pancreatic cancer cells, Panc-1 cells were infected with unarmed virus, virus armed with normal human IL-2 (Ad5/3-E2F-d24-hIL2) and Ad5/3-E2F-d24-vIL2. The gene discussed is CD274; the disease is pancreatic neoplasm.