In the subgroup analysis, the AF-preventive ability of SGLT2 inhibitors was influenced by HF, being preserved in RCTs recruiting 9141 patients with HFrEF, but not in those recruiting 12 877 subjects with HFmrEF/HFpEF (P-value for group difference = 0.01). This evidence concerns the gene SLC5A2 and hydrops fetalis.