Beyond β-amyloid and tau (Molinuevo et al., 2018), several neuronal inflammation markers can be also secreted during AD that demonstrate potential diagnostic value, including BDNF, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), transforming growth factor β 1 (TGF-β1), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), interleukin-18 (IL-18), as well as neurofilament light chain (NfL), a protein whose appearance in CSF or blood signals axonal injury. This evidence concerns the gene NEFL and Alzheimer disease.