tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) co-expressing PD-1 and CTLA-4 or PD-1 and TIM-3 are functionally exhausted compared to other TIL subsets, and double blockade of these molecules and PD-1/PD-L1 increases the recovery of effector function (9–11). The gene discussed is CD274; the disease is neoplasm.