TGFB1 and multiminicore myopathy: In the context of known biomarkers for MMD, such as RNF213 mutations, circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), and inflammatory cytokines including VEGF and TGF-β, the newly identified genes—TAC1, SOST, KCNA2, MUC1, and RGS1—represent a novel set of molecular indicators with both diagnostic and mechanistic potential [30].