UBA1 and acute myeloid leukemia: Previous studies have identified some genetic abnormalities, epigenetic profiles, and protein expression patterns that may serve as valuable diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for AML [45], which include mixed lineage leukemia (MLL) fuse genes and FLT3-ITD mutations, epigenetic factors such as DNMT3A and IDH, proteins molecules such as UBA1 and FIBA, etc. [46–49].