administration of rapamycin (mTOR inhibitor) and Adezmapimod (a p38 inhibitor) also reduced the frequency and absolute cell number of Siglec-F+ neutrophils without affecting the populations of conventional neutrophils in the lungs (Fig. S8C, D) and significantly improved emphysema pathology compared with that in DMSO-treated control mice (Fig. 8E, F). This evidence concerns the gene MTOR and pulmonary emphysema.