Neutrophils can interact with CTCs through vascular cellular adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) to form CTC-neutrophil clusters.222 Inhibiting the binding of VCAM-1 prevents their formation.222 For instance, a study developed a multipoint costriking nanodevice (GV-Lipo/sorafenib/digitoxin (DT)) that utilized an anti-VCAM-1 monoclonal antibody to target, capture and prevent the formation of CTC-neutrophil clusters and used DT to dissociate the CTC clusters to enhance cancer treatment efficacy in preclinical model.223. Here, VCAM1 is linked to cancer.