Additionally, HIF-1α inhibitors PX-478 and YC-1 can inhibit DMF/FHIN1-mediated upregulation of PD-L1 in ccRCC cells, whereas the HIF-2α inhibitor TC-S 7009 has no effect (Fig. 3C–F, Supplementary Fig. 2B). Here, HIF1A is linked to nonpapillary renal cell carcinoma.