NPS and pulpitis: Meanwhile, substance P is a well-established neuropeptide involved in neuroinflammation and inflammatory dental pain conditions, such as pulpitis.2,38,39 It is released from sensitized nociceptors and shares overlapping functional roles with CGRP.40 Galanin has also been reported to be upregulated in the TG following tooth movement,28 although its expression was very limited in DPA neurons under our experimental conditions (Fig. 7i, j).