In a recent study investigating gene expression profiles in premature infants, significant alterations were observed in the expression of KLRB1, KLRD1, CREBBP, and HIF1 A genes (Hilgendorff et al. 2017), suggesting a possible link between molecular dysregulation and the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying NEC. The gene discussed is KLRD1; the disease is necrotizing enterocolitis.