ERN1 and plasma cell myeloma: ssGSEA was conducted using the database of CCC, multiple myeloma, and normal ovaries, revealing that the IRE1α pathway and PERK pathway were upregulated in CCC and multiple myeloma compared with normal ovaries (IRE1α pathway, multiple myeloma: P < 2.22 × e−16 and CCC: P = 0.062 and PERK pathway, multiple myeloma: P < 2.22 × e−16 and CCC: P < 2.9 × e−8; Fig. 4A).