Such clinical studies have the potential to provide insight into the usefulness of the CA-62 biomarker or the TM panel (CA-62, CEA and CYFRA 21-1) as a first-line testing for selecting subjects in the high-risk group of LC development who require further LDCT screening, potentially avoiding radiological exposure of people of low-risk of LC with negative scans. This evidence concerns the gene CEACAM5 and laryngotracheoesophageal cleft.