In white populations, which have been studied more extensively for T1D than other populations, the majority of people with T1D have the immune-mediated form, presenting with one or more pancreatic islet autoantibodies—glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody (GADA), insulin autoantibody (IAA), insulinoma-associated antigen-2 autoantibody (IA-2A), and zinc transporter 8 autoantibody (ZnT8A)—at disease onset [4, 5]. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is type 1 diabetes mellitus.