INS and diabetes mellitus: Indeed, using data from the Finnish Pediatric Diabetes Register, Parviainen et al. [21] found that children diagnosed with diabetes at <7 years of age had a hyperimmune insulitis pattern characterized by more aggressive clinical phenotypes, whereas those diagnosed at ≥13 years of age had a pauci-immune insulitis pattern characterized by more beta cells with residual endogenous insulin secretion, higher blood C-peptide levels, and lower proinsulin to C-peptide ratios.