IL1B and colitis: Irinotecan (CPT-11), a topoisomerase I inhibitor, promotes macrophage infiltration into intestinal tissues and activates the NLRP3 inflammasome, facilitating the production of IL-1β-induced colitis.191,192 Based on this, Yue et al. demonstrated that reversing the disrupted intestinal microbial structure can restore fecal metabolic disorders, primarily manifested by an increased abundance of Lactobacillus and a decrease in uric acid concentration.