MMP9 and colitis: Minocycline is a tetracycline with immunoregulatory properties.286EcN supplementation in combination with minocycline treatment could effectively improve the recovery process of the intestinal damage and prevent the reoccurrence of colitis.287 Mechanistically, downregulated expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-2, iNOS, and MMP-9, together with increased expression of MUC-3 and ZO-1, restored the microbiota composition induced by colitis-altered microbiota composition.287