HES1 and cancer: The present study showed that CSNP/L.a-sup led to a significant decrease in the expression of the oncogenes β-catenin, TGF-α and TGF-β, while it caused a significant increase in the expression of the oncogenes HES1, Gli2, CEA, PI3K, IL-6, Bcl2 and TLR4. Previous studies have shown that CSNP conjugated with different compounds has different effects on cancer-associated signaling pathways.