SPDEF and neoplasm: These findings were further corroborated by an independent dataset, which also demonstrated a consistent reduction in methylation at cg11346722 in tumor samples (Fig. 6D; Supplementary S4 _Figs. S1 and S2).Together, these results suggest that hypomethylation at the specific CpG site cg11346722 may serve as a regulatory mechanism contributing to the upregulation of SPDEF in prostate cancer.