Indeed, the health-promoting effects of flavonoids are wide ranging, with multiple flavonoid compounds implicated in multiple biological activities, including, among others, inhibiting platelet aggregation, lowering low-density lipoprotein oxidation, mitigating atherosclerotic lesion formation, improving insulin sensitivity indices, inducing antioxidant defences, and reducing inflammatory responses in addition to specific anticarcinogenic actions, such as an ability to induce apoptosis in tumour cells, inhibit cancer cell proliferation, and prevent angiogenesis and tumour cell invasion15,28. This evidence concerns the gene INS and neoplasm.