For instance, in GBM, high levels of CLOCK in GSCs are associated with an increase in microglia in TME, mediated by the transcriptional regulation of chemokine-like protein 3.225 The deficiency of Bmal1 in melanoma cells also impacts immunocytes within TME, including CD8+ T cells and TAMs.231 In kidney clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) and breast cancer, the expression of clock genes (such as CLOCK, BMAL1, and PER3) in cancer cells exhibits rhythmic fluctuations. Here, BMAL1 is linked to glioblastoma.