The purpose of this study was to construct and verify a prediction model for early recurrence of persistent atrial fibrillation after catheter ablation based on brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), angiotensin II (Ang II), homocysteine, monocyte-to-high density lipoprotein cholesterol (MHR) and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), so as to provide reference for clinical prevention and treatment. The gene discussed is NPPB; the disease is atrial fibrillation.