In lymphocyte-deficient ApoE−/− Rag2−/− mice, adoptive transfer of CD8 T cells deficient in perforin, granzyme B (GzmB), or TNF, but not IFNγ, led to reduced atherosclerosis compared to the disease that develops with adoptive transfer of wild-type CD8 T cells, despite similar cellular infiltration into the lesion22. The gene discussed is APOE; the disease is atherosclerosis.