NFKB1 and major depressive disorder: These cytokines not only mediate peripheral inflammation but also impact the central nervous system by disrupting neurochemical homeostasis, altering synaptic plasticity, and inducing neuroinflammation, ultimately leading to depression (10).Among the central pathways influenced by inflammation, the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling cascade is a pivotal regulator of neuroimmune responses and is closely associated with depressive behaviors (11).