GAS5 and hepatocellular carcinoma: After knocking down GAS5 using siRNA and transfecting with AS-miR-423-3p or AS-miR-452-5p, we observed a significant increase in SMARCA4 levels in all HCC cell lines treated with AS-miR-423-3p, as confirmed by qRT–PCR and western blot analysis (Fig. 4b and Supplementary Fig. 11d).